The former player: 'I really wanted to carry on playing'
Important note: This piece contains details of discriminatory comments and behaviour
FormerEngland centre Luther Burrell states that speaking out to expose racial discrimination in rugby union led his professional journey to an premature conclusion.
In a 2022 interview, Burrell characterized racism as being "rife" in the game, showing digital communications and remembering training ground "jokes" he had been subject to while representing Newcastle.
Then 34 and out of contract, Burrell's only professional rugby since has been a handful of games with invitational side the Barbarians.
"I've have definitely had to end my career because of what occurred," he told media outlets.
"I wanted to carry on playing, of course I did. I pursued that, and it fell through when word came out that there were inquiries going on.
"This situation was challenging - I had to simply accept the fate and understand that this whole situation is a lot bigger than me."
A sports organization report in 2023 found Burrell's allegations were true "likely correct", but said it could not gather sufficient evidence to categorically say they occurred at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell started all of England's international games in 2014-15, but was controversially overlooked for their team for the 2015 World Cup
Burrell told media he also faced prejudice within the England team environment, during a international career that saw him win 15 appearances after his first game in 2014.
"I've had several distressing experiences within England camp," he said.
"Certain instances of discrimination and some just old-school mentality that's really unacceptable."
Racism had become accepted in team environments, in Burrell's view.
"It's something that has been dressed up as banter and that's been the issue that I've personally suffered and witnessed," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican descent.
"Over a extended period you just learn to think that it's the norm and that is fine and that it's not harmful, but that's incorrect."
Burrell says he was eventually motivated to speak out after a team-mate at Newcastle referred to him as a "enslaved person" and told him to put sun cream on his arms and legs "where your shackles were."
The governing body said Burrell's disclosures had led to "a deeper look at the environment within the elite game and to the introduction of an action plan for the elite level."
"We has given significant attention on diversity and diversity in rugby union and a great deal of work completed both before and after Luther Burrell spoke publicly and revealed his encounters of racism and classism," it continued.
"We are continuing work with clubs and stakeholders in the elite level to strive for a culture of inclusivity but recognize this takes time and is an ongoing process."
All Prem and PWR club now has face-to-face training on creating welcoming environments, with its success monitored via specific documentation and surveys.
All England athletes, including youth squads, are trained in being "engaged observers" to step in and defend others from damaging conduct.
"You be so pleased of what you have done," Burrell's mother Joyce said to him as part of the documentary Luther Burrell - Rugby, Racism and Redemption.
"I know it has had this impact on you and finished your career, but in our view, you have done so well. We are so proud of you and to have you as a family member."
Burrell's father Geoff died soon after the filming of the film, and his sibling passed away recently.
Burrell, who was raised on a social housing in his hometown, continues his work to make the game more open.
His 12 Foundation aims to connect with young people in under-served communities and support them thrive on and off the field with free sports training, guidance and dietary education.
"My personal intentions are genuine, I want to see the evolution of the sport and if others is willing to share their experience then I'll persist to fight that fight because I'm not just pursuing this for my own benefit," he explained.
"Everyone involved have an responsibility to make the game as excellent as it can be and the more I talk about it hopefully the more confident others will become about discussing their personal experiences as well.
"I need to grab the challenge by the horns and keep carrying this flag and keep carrying this weight and do what I can to develop opportunities and make the sport more attractive and more welcoming.
"There are a lot of disadvantaged children and a lot of poverty and I sincerely believe that rugby has the ability to transform their lives, just as it did for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a return to former club Northampton in late 2022